Zastosowanie przezskórnej wewnątrznaczyniowej angioplastyki w leczeniu zwężeń i niedrożności tętnic podudzia

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Background: The method of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty in the treatment of stenoses and obstruction of crural arteries was introduced. Material/Methods: In 51 patients aged 51-86 years (mean: 69 years), including 32 men and 19 women, 56 procedures of crural PTA were carried out. The patients were classified as Fontaine's clinical stages IIb-IV. The procedures involved stenoses in 40 cases and 16 artery occlusions. The average length of the lesion was 2.7±1.6 cm. In 22 cases, crural PTA was performed in combination with PTA of the femoropopliteal segment and in 34 cases only crural PTA was carried out. The angioplasty was performed with antegrade puncture through the ipsilateral common femoral artery in 48 patients and in 3 from retrograde puncture with the cross-over method. For the procedures of the crural arteries, guide wires and coronary balloons were used. The following risk factors were present in the patients: 49% diabetes, 48% cigarette smoking, 42% hypertension, and 23% hyperlipidemia. The comorbidity with the highest incidence was ischemic heart disease (51%). Results: Good primary arteriographic and clinical results were achieved in 50 cases (89.2%). The ankle-brachial index (ABI) increased on average by 0.26 (0.20-0.52). In one case, occlusion of an artery occurred as a complication, and in 5 the procedure failed without any serious clinical consequences. Conclusions: Percutaneous balloon angioplasty is an effective method of treatment of patients with stenoses and short obstructions of crural arteries.