Zastosowanie ultrasonografii w okulistyce dziecięcej : technika badania i możliwości obrazowania gałki ocznej u wcześniaków i niemowląt

Bibliogr. s. 86

Background: Ultrasonography, a safe, repeatable, and easy examination, is used as the first method in the diagnosis of the ophthalmologic diseases in infants. This examination is also important in visualizing the vitreous body, retina, chorioidea, and the orbit as well as opaque structures of the eyeball. Among the methods using ultrasound waves in pediatric ophthalmology, the most common are real-time ultrasonography and the color Doppler technique. Material/Methods: In 2002-2005, ultrasonographic examinations were performed on 1162 children aged 3 weeks to 12 months, of whom 1135 (97.7%) were preterm and 27 (2.3%) term infants. The real-time ultrasonograhic examination was conducted using a 5-7 MHz sector probe and a 7.5-10.5 MHz linear probe. However, in cases of difficult diagnosis, the color Doppler technique was applied. In all, 4549 ultrasound examinations were performed. Results: In the premature group, the normal image of the eyeball was diagnosed in 1057 (91%) children. In 78 cases (6.7%), typical changes for retinopathy as well as changes in the vitreous body were found. In 27 children (2.3%) eyeball changes were observed as results of other ophthalmic disorders. The normal images of the eyeball in newborns in real-time US as well as in color Doppler US were presented. Conclusions: Ultrasonographic examination, particularly color Doppler, being safe and not time-consuming, could be the method of choice in ophthalmologic diagnostics in infants and, especially, premature newborns.