Sexual dimorphism in the early embryogenesis in zebra finches

2014
journal article
article
12
dc.abstract.enSex-specific gene expression before the onset of gonadogensis has been documented in embryos of mammals and chickens. In several mammalian species, differences in gene expression are accompanied by faster growth of pre-implantation male embryos. Here we asked whether avian embryos before gonadal differentiation are also sex-dimorphic in size and what genes regulate their growth. We used captive zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata) whose freshly laid eggs were artificially incubated for 36–40 hours. Analyses controlling for the exact time of incubation of 81 embryos revealed that males were larger than females in terms of Hamburger and Hamilton stage and number of somites. Expression of 15 genes involved in cell cycle regulation, growth, metabolic activity, steroidogenic pathway and stress modulation were measured using RT-PCR in 5 male and 5 female embryos incubated for exactly 36 h. We found that in the presence of equal levels of the growth hormone itself, the faster growth of male embryos is most likely achieved by the overexpression of the growth hormone receptor gene and three other genes responsible for cell cycle regulation and metabolism, all of them located on the Z chromosome. Autosomal genes did not show sex-specific expression, except for the steroidogenic factor 1 which was expressed only in female embryos. To our knowledge this is the first report of sexual size dimorphism before gonadogenesis in birds. The finding suggests that faster growth of early male embryos is conserved through the mammalian and bird phyla, irrespective of their differential sex chromosome systems.pl
dc.affiliationWydział Biologii i Nauk o Ziemi : Instytut Nauk o Środowiskupl
dc.contributor.authorTagirov, Makhsudpl
dc.contributor.authorRutkowska, Joanna - 131733 pl
dc.date.accessioned2015-04-30T11:56:17Z
dc.date.available2015-04-30T11:56:17Z
dc.date.issued2014pl
dc.date.openaccess0
dc.description.accesstimew momencie opublikowania
dc.description.number12pl
dc.description.versionostateczna wersja wydawcy
dc.description.volume9pl
dc.identifier.articleide114625pl
dc.identifier.doi10.1371/journal.pone.0114625pl
dc.identifier.eissn1932-6203pl
dc.identifier.projectROD UJ / Ppl
dc.identifier.urihttp://ruj.uj.edu.pl/xmlui/handle/item/6287
dc.languageengpl
dc.language.containerengpl
dc.rightsUdzielam licencji. Uznanie autorstwa 4.0 Międzynarodowa*
dc.rights.licenceCC-BY
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode.pl*
dc.share.typeotwarte czasopismo
dc.subject.enin-vitropl
dc.subject.endosage compensationpl
dc.subject.enbovine embryospl
dc.subject.endevelopmental ratespl
dc.subject.encultured in vitropl
dc.subject.enblastocyst stagepl
dc.subject.engrowth-hormonepl
dc.subject.enmouse embryospl
dc.subject.encell-growthpl
dc.subject.enexpressionpl
dc.subtypeArticlepl
dc.titleSexual dimorphism in the early embryogenesis in zebra finchespl
dc.title.journalPLoS ONEpl
dc.typeJournalArticlepl
dspace.entity.typePublication
dc.abstract.enpl
Sex-specific gene expression before the onset of gonadogensis has been documented in embryos of mammals and chickens. In several mammalian species, differences in gene expression are accompanied by faster growth of pre-implantation male embryos. Here we asked whether avian embryos before gonadal differentiation are also sex-dimorphic in size and what genes regulate their growth. We used captive zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata) whose freshly laid eggs were artificially incubated for 36–40 hours. Analyses controlling for the exact time of incubation of 81 embryos revealed that males were larger than females in terms of Hamburger and Hamilton stage and number of somites. Expression of 15 genes involved in cell cycle regulation, growth, metabolic activity, steroidogenic pathway and stress modulation were measured using RT-PCR in 5 male and 5 female embryos incubated for exactly 36 h. We found that in the presence of equal levels of the growth hormone itself, the faster growth of male embryos is most likely achieved by the overexpression of the growth hormone receptor gene and three other genes responsible for cell cycle regulation and metabolism, all of them located on the Z chromosome. Autosomal genes did not show sex-specific expression, except for the steroidogenic factor 1 which was expressed only in female embryos. To our knowledge this is the first report of sexual size dimorphism before gonadogenesis in birds. The finding suggests that faster growth of early male embryos is conserved through the mammalian and bird phyla, irrespective of their differential sex chromosome systems.
dc.affiliationpl
Wydział Biologii i Nauk o Ziemi : Instytut Nauk o Środowisku
dc.contributor.authorpl
Tagirov, Makhsud
dc.contributor.authorpl
Rutkowska, Joanna - 131733
dc.date.accessioned
2015-04-30T11:56:17Z
dc.date.available
2015-04-30T11:56:17Z
dc.date.issuedpl
2014
dc.date.openaccess
0
dc.description.accesstime
w momencie opublikowania
dc.description.numberpl
12
dc.description.version
ostateczna wersja wydawcy
dc.description.volumepl
9
dc.identifier.articleidpl
e114625
dc.identifier.doipl
10.1371/journal.pone.0114625
dc.identifier.eissnpl
1932-6203
dc.identifier.projectpl
ROD UJ / P
dc.identifier.uri
http://ruj.uj.edu.pl/xmlui/handle/item/6287
dc.languagepl
eng
dc.language.containerpl
eng
dc.rights*
Udzielam licencji. Uznanie autorstwa 4.0 Międzynarodowa
dc.rights.licence
CC-BY
dc.rights.uri*
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode.pl
dc.share.type
otwarte czasopismo
dc.subject.enpl
in-vitro
dc.subject.enpl
dosage compensation
dc.subject.enpl
bovine embryos
dc.subject.enpl
developmental rates
dc.subject.enpl
cultured in vitro
dc.subject.enpl
blastocyst stage
dc.subject.enpl
growth-hormone
dc.subject.enpl
mouse embryos
dc.subject.enpl
cell-growth
dc.subject.enpl
expression
dc.subtypepl
Article
dc.titlepl
Sexual dimorphism in the early embryogenesis in zebra finches
dc.title.journalpl
PLoS ONE
dc.typepl
JournalArticle
dspace.entity.type
Publication
Affiliations

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