From an epidemiological perspective, Poland, as a low prevalence country, has never experienced an HIV/AIDS epidemic. The first diagnoses and attempts at shaping policy responses took place in the mid- and late 1980s, respectively. The history of creating HIV/AIDS policies in Poland (as throughout Central and Eastern Europe) is intertwined with the political, economic and cultural transformations from socialism to capitalism. That is the reason why I decided to address this period in my paper. The main research questions of this paper are: What are the key processes of HIV/AIDS policies development through the 1980s and 1990s in Poland, and how are they understood by various social actors? What have been the central ways of framing HIV/AIDS by emerging civil society organizations, in public policies and as part of initiatives by the Catholic Church? What language was (and specifically which terms and labels were) applied to build these frames at that time?