Institutio oratoria, book XI 3, 30-184 (Introduction and translation)

Pierwsza część artykułu, zawierająca wstęp, opublikowana w tomie 22/1, 2012 (http://ruj.uj.edu.pl/xmlui/handle/item/27599)

Quintilian considers that the rules of oratory declamation are identical with the rules of word art. Well-chosen pronuntiatio is adjusted to the topic of the speech. Pronuntiatio should have three qualities: it should cause good will, convince and affect, as this is how delight can be naturally evoked. Favour of the audience can be won either by praise of character, which is mysteriously revealed in the voice and gesticulation of an orator, or by the charm of style. In laudatory speeches, with the exception of funeral ones, the words should be flowery, magnificent and exalted in order to express thanks or encouragement. The funeral speeches, consolations and most of defensive court speeches are distinguishable by pain and humility. When we speak in senate we need to be authoritative, when in front of the people – dignified, when in private affairs – moderate.