Streszcz. ang. s. 1. Bibliogr. s. 5-6

Since Poland joined the European Union, it has become, after the US, the second-largest market for live animal specimens protected by the provisions of the Washington Convention. In addition, it is a transit country for a significant number of specimens (live plants or animals, or products derived from them) destined for buyers in Western Europe, due to Poland's eastern border which is one of the longest EU borders and at the same time the first in the way of illegal wildlife trade [Drzazga, 2020]. The effectiveness of international efforts to counter this phenomenon and its global consequences strongly depends on the actions taken by individual countries that are exporters or importers of extinct and endangered species. That is why it is so important to raise the quality of social control of this phenomenon also in Poland. The main purpose of the article is to present the results of qualitative research on social control of illegal wildlife trade in Poland. Before discussing them, the necessary terminological clarifications will be introduced and the reasons for addressing the topic will be presented.