Obraz Brazylii oczami polskich imigrantów na podstawie gazety Lud w latach 1930-1938.

The image of Brazil presented by Polish immigrants in the newspaper Lud from 1930 to 1938.

Tematem pracy jest obraz Brazylii według gazety „Lud”, należącej do zgromadzenia misjonarzy Św. Wincentego a Paulo w Brazylii, w latach 1930-1938, od kryzysu ekonomicznego, rządów Getúlio Vargasa do kampanii nacjonalizacyjnej, skierowanej przeciw odrębności grup etnicznych. Najwięcej Polaków przybyło do Brazylii w okresie emigracji masowej – przede wszystkim były to osoby najbardziej potrzebujące, o niezwykle trudnej sytuacji ekonomicznej i bez doświadczenia, które było potrzebne, aby wsiąknąć bez przeszkód w nowe społeczeństwo. W tym czasie nagromadziły się negatywne stereotypy o Polakach, utrzymujące się przez dziesiątki lat. Celem pracy jest naszkicowanie obrazu obcej rzeczywistości na podstawie gazety „Lud”, z uwzględnieniem literatury związanej z tematem polskich imigrantów w Brazylii.

The theme of the dissertation refers to the image of Brazil presented by the Vincentian Fathers in the newspaper „Lud” from 1930 to 1938, from the economic crisis, from the Getúlio Vargas regime to the nationalization campaign. The greatest number of Poles arrived in Brazil during the period of mass emigration – above all they were the most needy, people without resources, both economic and intellectual, needed to integrate into the new reality that for many has become brutal. At that time, a number of negative stereotypes about people from Poland built up, repeated over many decades. The objective of the study is to elaborate an image of the foreign reality proposed by the Vincentian Fathers in the years 1930-1938, with literary indications from other authors focused on this problem. Through the representation of the other, they show that they still form a community that stands out from others. There are ties that bind them together – in this way they vary from the “other”. In addition, the dissertation intends to present stereotypes about Polish immigrants in Brazil, the myth of the Polish pioneer, taking into account the social, political and cultural situation at the time, as well as the relationship of Polish with Brazil and with Brazilians.

O tema da dissertação refere-se à imagem do Brasil apresentada pelos padres vicentinos no jornal „Lud” do período entre 1930 a 1938, a partir da crise económica, do regime de Getúlio Vargas até à campanha de nacionalização. O maior número de poloneses chegou ao Brasil no período de emigração em massa – sobretudo foram os mais carentes, as pessoas sem recursos, tanto económicos, como intelectuais, necessários a integrarem-se na nova realidade que para muitos se tornou bruta. Naquela altura, acumularam-se vários estereótipos negativos sobre as pessoas provenientes da Polónia, repetidas por muitas décadas. O objetivo do estudo é elaborar uma imagem da realidade estrangeira proposta pelos padres vicentinos nos anos 1930-1938 com indicações literárias de outros autores concentrados neste problema. Através da representação do outro, mostram que ainda formam uma comunidade a qual se destaca de outras. Há laços que os ligam – deste modo variam do “outro”. Além disso, a dissertação pretende apresentar os estereótipos sobre os imigrantes poloneses no Brasil, o mito do pioneiro polonês, tendo em conta a situação social, política e cultural da época, bem como a relação dos poloneses com o Brasil e com os brasileiros.