Prosthetic methods of hypodontia treatment on the basis of the literature

Autorka Urszula Bronicka podpisana: Merta, Urszula

Hypodontia term means reduction in teeth number present in the mouth. There are Hypodontia vera, when a lack of teeth buds happens, as well as Hypodontia spuria when the teeth or their buds exist, but for various reasons have not erupted. Hypodontia vera is a congenital lack of teeth, that may occur separately or be associated with congenital defect syndromes. This anomaly may affect primary dentition (incidence 0.1 0.7% of the population) and the permanent dentition (2-9% of the population). Hipodontia is a congenital malformation that, aside of dental caries and injuries, is a major cause of teeth loss among children and adolescents. Epidemiology and etiology of hypodontia is presented on the basis of literature. Currently, it is assumed that hipodontia is genetically determined polygenic defect and can occur in several generations of the family. Possibilities of treatment aimed to cause correct occlusion, articulation and aesthetics improvement were pointed out. Medical treatment depends on the patient's age, number of missing teeth, location of defects in the dental arch and the concomitant dental-occlusal abnormalities.