Hidden artistic complexity of Peru's Chancay culture discovered in tattoos by laser-stimulated fluorescence

2025
journal article
article
dc.abstract.enTattoos were a prevalent art form in pre-Hispanic South America exemplified by mummified human remains with preserved skin decoration that reflects the personal and cultural representations of their times. Tattoos are known to fade and bleed over time and this is compounded in mummies by the decay of the body, inhibiting the ability to examine the original art. Laser-stimulated fluorescence (LSF) produces images based on fluorescence emitted from within the target. Here, we present the first results of applying LSF to tattoos on human remains from the pre-Columbian Chancay culture of coastal Peru. We find that the preserved skin fluoresced strongly underneath the black tattoo ink yielding a high contrast image that virtually eliminates the ink bleed, revealing the exceptionally fine details of the original artwork. The level of detail and precision of the artwork was found to be higher than associated pottery, textiles, and rock art suggesting special effort was expended by the Chancay on at least some of their tattoos. This suggests artistic complexity in pre-Columbian Peru was at a higher level than previously known, expanding the degree of artistic development found in South America at this time. LSF expands the scope of tattoo analysis and the level of detail this can yield providing a new technique to gain further insights into this important art form.
dc.affiliationSzkoła Doktorska Nauk Humanistycznych
dc.contributor.authorKaye, Thomas G.
dc.contributor.authorBąk, Judyta - 183308
dc.contributor.authorMarcelo, Henry William
dc.contributor.authorPittman, Michael
dc.contributor.other
dc.date.accessioned2025-01-14T12:40:31Z
dc.date.available2025-01-14T12:40:31Z
dc.date.createdat2025-01-13T23:02:37Zen
dc.date.issued2025
dc.date.openaccess0
dc.description.accesstimew momencie opublikowania
dc.description.number4
dc.description.versionostateczna wersja wydawcy
dc.description.volume122
dc.identifier.articleide2421517122
dc.identifier.doi10.1073/pnas.2421517122
dc.identifier.eissn1091-6490
dc.identifier.issn0027-8424
dc.identifier.urihttps://ruj.uj.edu.pl/handle/item/541039
dc.languageeng
dc.language.containereng
dc.rightsUdzielam licencji. Uznanie autorstwa - Użycie niekomercyjne - Bez utworów zależnych 4.0 Międzynarodowa
dc.rights.licenceCC-BY-NC-ND
dc.rights.simpleviewWolny dostęp
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode.pl
dc.share.typeotwarte czasopismo
dc.subject.entattoos
dc.subject.enChancay
dc.subject.enartwork
dc.subject.enPeru
dc.subject.enlaser-stimulated fluorescence
dc.subtypeArticle
dc.titleHidden artistic complexity of Peru's Chancay culture discovered in tattoos by laser-stimulated fluorescence
dc.title.journalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
dc.typeJournalArticle
dspace.entity.typePublicationen
dc.abstract.en
Tattoos were a prevalent art form in pre-Hispanic South America exemplified by mummified human remains with preserved skin decoration that reflects the personal and cultural representations of their times. Tattoos are known to fade and bleed over time and this is compounded in mummies by the decay of the body, inhibiting the ability to examine the original art. Laser-stimulated fluorescence (LSF) produces images based on fluorescence emitted from within the target. Here, we present the first results of applying LSF to tattoos on human remains from the pre-Columbian Chancay culture of coastal Peru. We find that the preserved skin fluoresced strongly underneath the black tattoo ink yielding a high contrast image that virtually eliminates the ink bleed, revealing the exceptionally fine details of the original artwork. The level of detail and precision of the artwork was found to be higher than associated pottery, textiles, and rock art suggesting special effort was expended by the Chancay on at least some of their tattoos. This suggests artistic complexity in pre-Columbian Peru was at a higher level than previously known, expanding the degree of artistic development found in South America at this time. LSF expands the scope of tattoo analysis and the level of detail this can yield providing a new technique to gain further insights into this important art form.
dc.affiliation
Szkoła Doktorska Nauk Humanistycznych
dc.contributor.author
Kaye, Thomas G.
dc.contributor.author
Bąk, Judyta - 183308
dc.contributor.author
Marcelo, Henry William
dc.contributor.author
Pittman, Michael
dc.contributor.other
dc.date.accessioned
2025-01-14T12:40:31Z
dc.date.available
2025-01-14T12:40:31Z
dc.date.createdaten
2025-01-13T23:02:37Z
dc.date.issued
2025
dc.date.openaccess
0
dc.description.accesstime
w momencie opublikowania
dc.description.number
4
dc.description.version
ostateczna wersja wydawcy
dc.description.volume
122
dc.identifier.articleid
e2421517122
dc.identifier.doi
10.1073/pnas.2421517122
dc.identifier.eissn
1091-6490
dc.identifier.issn
0027-8424
dc.identifier.uri
https://ruj.uj.edu.pl/handle/item/541039
dc.language
eng
dc.language.container
eng
dc.rights
Udzielam licencji. Uznanie autorstwa - Użycie niekomercyjne - Bez utworów zależnych 4.0 Międzynarodowa
dc.rights.licence
CC-BY-NC-ND
dc.rights.simpleview
Wolny dostęp
dc.rights.uri
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode.pl
dc.share.type
otwarte czasopismo
dc.subject.en
tattoos
dc.subject.en
Chancay
dc.subject.en
artwork
dc.subject.en
Peru
dc.subject.en
laser-stimulated fluorescence
dc.subtype
Article
dc.title
Hidden artistic complexity of Peru's Chancay culture discovered in tattoos by laser-stimulated fluorescence
dc.title.journal
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
dc.type
JournalArticle
dspace.entity.typeen
Publication
Affiliations

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