The castle of Ojców belongs to the most impressive defensive fortifications of the Polish Middle Ages. The earliest stages of human occupation of the castle hill are dated to the Early Iron Age corresponding to the open-air settlement of the Lusatian Culture. After the fall of this settlement the castle hill was uninhabited until the early castle building works in the 14th century. The castle was a foundation of King Kasimir III the Great. In the 16th century the castle was ruled by Queen Bona Sforza, among others. At the end of the 18th century the castle lost its tenurial status for a while, and since it was not any longer profitable, at the early 19th century it was abandoned The excavations in trenches I and II of Ojców castle yielded > 7,500 fish, bird and mammal remains. During the entire history of Ojców castle, from the beginning of the 14th to the 19th century, the main food resources for residents were domestic animals, especially mammals (cattle, pig, sheep and goat). However, birds (chickens and geese) were important dietary supplements. Fish remains are rare in the material studied. However, there is a noteworthy presence of sturgeon remains in the medieval cultural layers. Apart from the sturgeon, the high social position of the castle’s residents is also reflected in the presence of exotic bird species (peacock), dated to the post-medieval period.