CISG and the freedom of form principle vs. reservations under Article 96 of the CISG

2015
journal article
article
dc.abstract.enThis article aims to present the consequences of a State's declaration to opt-out from the freedom of form principle, under Article 96 of the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods 1980 (CISG ). In practice, problems have developed as whether or not to apply the freedom of form when a contract is concluded between two business entities, where one has its place of business in an Article 96 CISG reservation State, and the other does not. The issue concerning the reservation's effects has led to the creation of "two schools of thought" established by the doctrine and case law in this respect. It is the author's intention to present the proper methodology of the interpretation and application of Articles 12 and 96 CISG bearing in mind the various opinions in this respect. In the author's opinion, in such situations the court should follow the rules of private international law to seek an answer as to whether or not the obligation of written form applies. Some of the CISG Contracting States that currently maintain an Article 96 CISG declaration, refrain from withdrawal of their declaration despite the fact that the prerequisites for such a reservation are no longer met, as their domestic legal systems do not impose a written form requirement, as was the case at the time when the CISG was negotiated. In the author's opinion, in cases where the rules of private international law point to the law of such a State, the courts should, in practice, refrain from following the Article 96 CISG reservation, i.e. no freedom of form, and should instead apply the less formal domestic law as to the form.pl
dc.contributor.authorPohl, Małgorzatapl
dc.date.accession2019-10-12pl
dc.date.accessioned2019-10-12T06:03:03Z
dc.date.available2019-10-12T06:03:03Z
dc.date.issued2015pl
dc.date.openaccess0
dc.description.accesstimew momencie opublikowania
dc.description.number2pl
dc.description.physical31-47pl
dc.description.versionostateczna wersja wydawcy
dc.identifier.doi10.26106/qghv-fg48pl
dc.identifier.issn1641-1609pl
dc.identifier.projectROD UJ / OPpl
dc.identifier.urihttps://ruj.uj.edu.pl/xmlui/handle/item/84773
dc.identifier.weblinkhttp://www.transformacje.pl/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/tpp_-2-2015_pohl.pdfpl
dc.languageengpl
dc.language.containerpolpl
dc.rightsDozwolony użytek utworów chronionych*
dc.rights.licenceInna otwarta licencja
dc.rights.urihttp://ruj.uj.edu.pl/4dspace/License/copyright/licencja_copyright.pdf*
dc.share.typeotwarte czasopismo
dc.subtypeArticlepl
dc.titleCISG and the freedom of form principle vs. reservations under Article 96 of the CISGpl
dc.title.journalTransformacje Prawa Prywatnegopl
dc.typeJournalArticlepl
dspace.entity.typePublication
dc.abstract.enpl
This article aims to present the consequences of a State's declaration to opt-out from the freedom of form principle, under Article 96 of the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods 1980 (CISG ). In practice, problems have developed as whether or not to apply the freedom of form when a contract is concluded between two business entities, where one has its place of business in an Article 96 CISG reservation State, and the other does not. The issue concerning the reservation's effects has led to the creation of "two schools of thought" established by the doctrine and case law in this respect. It is the author's intention to present the proper methodology of the interpretation and application of Articles 12 and 96 CISG bearing in mind the various opinions in this respect. In the author's opinion, in such situations the court should follow the rules of private international law to seek an answer as to whether or not the obligation of written form applies. Some of the CISG Contracting States that currently maintain an Article 96 CISG declaration, refrain from withdrawal of their declaration despite the fact that the prerequisites for such a reservation are no longer met, as their domestic legal systems do not impose a written form requirement, as was the case at the time when the CISG was negotiated. In the author's opinion, in cases where the rules of private international law point to the law of such a State, the courts should, in practice, refrain from following the Article 96 CISG reservation, i.e. no freedom of form, and should instead apply the less formal domestic law as to the form.
dc.contributor.authorpl
Pohl, Małgorzata
dc.date.accessionpl
2019-10-12
dc.date.accessioned
2019-10-12T06:03:03Z
dc.date.available
2019-10-12T06:03:03Z
dc.date.issuedpl
2015
dc.date.openaccess
0
dc.description.accesstime
w momencie opublikowania
dc.description.numberpl
2
dc.description.physicalpl
31-47
dc.description.version
ostateczna wersja wydawcy
dc.identifier.doipl
10.26106/qghv-fg48
dc.identifier.issnpl
1641-1609
dc.identifier.projectpl
ROD UJ / OP
dc.identifier.uri
https://ruj.uj.edu.pl/xmlui/handle/item/84773
dc.identifier.weblinkpl
http://www.transformacje.pl/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/tpp_-2-2015_pohl.pdf
dc.languagepl
eng
dc.language.containerpl
pol
dc.rights*
Dozwolony użytek utworów chronionych
dc.rights.licence
Inna otwarta licencja
dc.rights.uri*
http://ruj.uj.edu.pl/4dspace/License/copyright/licencja_copyright.pdf
dc.share.type
otwarte czasopismo
dc.subtypepl
Article
dc.titlepl
CISG and the freedom of form principle vs. reservations under Article 96 of the CISG
dc.title.journalpl
Transformacje Prawa Prywatnego
dc.typepl
JournalArticle
dspace.entity.type
Publication
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