The paper proposes five literary microanalyses focusing on the representations of Romania in Polish contemporary literature and their impact both on the collective Polish imagination and on the construction of the discourse regarding Romania in Poland. Its main objective is to study a constellation of (dis)similar motifs, the presence/absence of national stereotypes and their identity-creating role. Such an approach results from the conviction that literature creates and transmits national landscapes, myths, stereotypes, and ideological places, influencing the collective imagination.