Detection of soil pipes using ground penetrating radar

doi:10.3390/rs11161864

Detection of soil pipes using ground penetrating radar

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Detection of soil pipes using ground penetrating radar

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Bibliographic description

punktacja MEiN [2019]: 100

title:	Detection of soil pipes using ground penetrating radar
author:	Bernatek-Jakiel Anita , Kondracka Marta
journal title:	Remote Sensing
volume:	11
issue:	16
date of publication :	2019
article ID:	1864
eISSN:	2072-4292
DOI:	10.3390/rs11161864
URL:	https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/16/1864/html
date accessed:	2019-08-22
language:	English
journal language:	English
abstract in English:	Soil piping leads to land degradation in almost all morphoclimatic regions. However, the detection of soil pipes is still a methodological challenge. Therefore, this study aims at testing ground penetrating radar (GPR) to identify soil pipes and to present the complexity of soil pipe networks. The GPR surveys were conducted at three sites in the Bieszczady Mountains (SE Poland), where pipes develop in Cambisols. In total, 36 GPR profiles longitudinal and transverse to piping systems were made and used to provide spatial visualization of pipe networks. Soil pipes were identified as reflection hyperbolas on radargrams, which were verified with the surface indicators of piping, i.e., sagging of the ground and the occurrence of pipe roof collapses. Antennas of 500 MHz and 800 MHz were tested, which made possible the penetration of the subsurface up to 3.2 m and 2 m, respectively. Concerning ground properties, antenna frequencies and processing techniques, there was a potential possibility to detect pipes with a minimum diameter of 3.5 cm (using the antenna of lower frequency), and 2.2 cm (with the antenna of higher frequency). The results have proved that soil pipes meander horizontally and vertically and their networks become more complicated and extensive down the slope. GPR is a useful method to detect soil pipes, although it requires field verification and the proper selection of antenna frequency.
keywords in English:	piping, soil erosion, geophysics, GPR, antennas, spatial visualization
affiliation:	Wydział Geografii i Geologii : Instytut Geografii i Gospodarki Przestrzennej
type:	journal article
subtype:	academic paper