The history of Eastern Christianity in the land of the contemporary Romania, set in between the conventional European categories of East and West, has not yet been fully explored. The region’s location along the strategic route between Europe and Asia meant that in the past various tribes migrated along those lands, exerting different cultural and religious influence. At the same time the location of those lands at the borders of Christian Europe as well as lack of stability in the region meant that in various moments in the past the growth of religious life was being hampered. A complicated history of this area, relentless battles and raids contributed to loss or destruction of many sources pertaining to Christianity. Hereby paper presents a short history of Eastern Christianity in Moldavia, Wallachia and Transylvania from the time their principalities arose until the present moment. It points out Romanian relations with other Eastern Christian regions, significant individuals related to the growth in the local Eastern Christian religiosity, main monasteries and their role in culture forming as well as the development of Eastern Orthodox literature.