The criterion of maximum overlap with the canonical free-atom orbitals is
used to construct a minimal set of molecule-intrinsic orthogonal atomic orbitals that
resemble the most their promolecular origins. Partial atomic charges derived from
population analysis within representation of such molecule-adopted atomic orbitals
are examined on example of first-row hydrides and compared with charges from other
methods. The maximum overlap criterion is also utilized to approximate the exact
free-atom orbitals obtained from ab initio calculations in any arbitrary basis set and
the influence of the resulting fitted canonical atomic orbitals on properties of molecule-
adopted atomic orbitals is briefly discussed.