The author deals with the issue of constitutional protection of the right to social scurity in the Republic of Serbia. In this connection, the author first analyzes the provisions of the current Constitution of the Republic of Serbia which prescribing the right to social security. Subsequently, the scope of the material and personal rights of social security, which are guaranteed by the Constitution of the Republic of Serbia, are presented in the paper. Through analysis of two decisions of the Constitutional Court regarding the constitutionality of the provisions of individual laws pertaining to the exercise of these rights is presented impact of the constitutional regulations on the content of the social security rights in the legal system of the Republic of Serbia. In the second part of the paper author points on threats to social security rights in times of economic crisis according to actual state in Republic of Serbia. At the very end of the work, instead of the conclusion, the author deals with assessment of the future of social security rights in lights of the Serbian Constitution. Within that, author offers proposal of amendments to the Constitution of Serbia with the aim of improving the protection of social security rights through adequate prescribing of the right to social protection, as well as prescribing the right to housing.