Within the linear combination of atomic orbitals (LCAO) approximation, one can distinguish two different
Kohn-Sham potentials. One is the potential available numerically in calculations, and the other is the exact
potential corresponding to the LCAO density. The latter is usually not available, but can be obtained from
the total density by a numerical inversion procedure or, as is done here, analytically using only one LCAO
Kohn-Sham orbital. In the complete basis-set limit, the lowest-lying Kohn-Sham orbital suffices to perform the
analytical inversion, and the two potentials differ by no more than a constant. The relation between these two
potentials is investigated here for diatomic molecules and several atomic basis sets of increasing size and quality.
The differences between the two potentials are usually qualitative (wrong behavior at nuclear cusps and far
from the molecule even if Slater-type orbitals are used) and
δ
-like features at nodal planes of the lowest-lying
LCAO Kohn-Sham orbital. Such nodes occur frequently in LCAO calculations and are not physical. Whereas the
behavior of the potential can be systematically improved locally by the increase of the basis sets, the occurrence
of nodes is not correlated with the size of the basis set. The presence of nodes in the lowest-lying LCAO
orbital can be used to monitor whether the effective potential in LCAO Kohn-Sham equations can be interpreted
as the potential needed for pure-state noninteracting
v
-representability of the LCAO density. Squares of such
node-containing lowest-lying LCAO Kohn-Sham orbitals are nontrivial examples of two-electron densities which
are not pure-state noninteracting
v
-representable.
departmental parameterization:
40
affiliation:
Wydział Chemii : Zakład Chemii Teoretycznej im. K. Gumińskiego