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New nanocomposite membranes with high
bioactivity were fabricated using the electrospinning.
These nanocomposites combine a degradable polymer
poly(L/DL)-lactide and bone cell signaling carbonate nanohydroxyapatite
(n-HAp). Chemical and physical characterization
of the membranes using scanning electron
microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and
the wide angle X-ray diffraction evidenced that nanoparticles
were successfully incorporated into the fibers and
membrane structure. The incorporation of the n-HAp into
the structure increased significantly the mineralization of
the membrane in vitro. It has been demonstrated that after a
3-day incubation of composite membrane in the Simulated
Body Fluid a continuous compact apatite layer was formed.
In vitro experiments demonstrated that the incorporation of
n-HAp significantly improved cell attachment, upregulated
cells proliferation and stimulated cell differentiation
quantified using Alkaline Phosphatase and OsteoImage tests. In conclusion, the results demonstrated that the
addition of n-HAp provided chemical cues that were a key
factor that regulated osteoblastic differentiation.