Contribution to the flora of Asian and European countries: new national and regional vascular plant records, 6

Abstract The paper presents new records for 28 vascular plant species from 14 Eurasian countries. Five taxa (Catabrosa capusii, Poa albertii, Poa intricata, Poa pseudoaltaica, Poa sergievskajae) are reported from Kazakhstan, three (Ranunculus pseudomonophyllus, Ranunculus smirnovii, Ranunculus turczaninovii) from Mongolia, three (Panicum barbipulvinatum, Stipa eriocaulis, Tragopogon pratensis subsp. minor) from Poland, three (Euphorbia subtilis, Corydalis grubovii, Thymus callieri) from Russia, two (Atriplex ornata, Corispermum dutreuilii) from Afghanistan, two (Orobanche grenieri, Ranunculus mongolicus) from Kyrgyzstan, two (Erigeron annuus, Sternbergia lutea) from Tajikistan, two (Orobanche baumanniorum, Orobanche kotschyi) from Turkey, one (Polygonum subaphyllum) from China, one (Orobanche bartlingii) from Georgia, one (Rubus slavonicus) from Germany, one (Cenchrus spinifex) from Montenegro, one (Rubus canadensis) from Slovenia and one (Bolboschoenus yagara) from Switzerland. For each species, synonyms, general distribution, habitat preferences, taxonomy with remarks on recognition and differentiation of the species from the most similar taxa occurring in a given country as well as a list of recorded localities (often far from the previously known areas) are presented.


Introduction
This paper is the continuation of the previous works dedicated to new national and regional vascular plant records

Taxonomic notes
Three Corispermum species were reported from Afghanistan (Hedge 1997): Corispermum afghanicum Podlech, Corispermum lehmannianum Bunge, and Corispermum orientale Lam. However, later the specimens of C. orientale were transferred into a new species, Corispermum rechingeri Sukhor. (Sukhorukov 2008), the name C. orientale was proposed for rejection (Sukhorukov 2008) and the Nomenclature Committee for Vascular Plants voted in favour of this rejection (Applequist 2012). Corispermum dutreuilii is placed in a formal "Dutreuilii" carpological group (Sukhorukov 2007), which includes mountainous species distributed in Pamir and adjacent regions. The species is carpologically well studied, and two morphological varieties are known so far -the type variety with glabrous fruits (sometimes with warty outgrowths) and C. dutreuilii var. montanum Sukhor. with stellate-pubescent fruits (Sukhorukov, Zhang, and Nilova 2014). The specimen cited below and previously identified as C. afghanicum has glabrous fruits.

Distribution and habitat
Corydalis grubovii was described from Mongolia (Khovd Province). It is distributed in Mongolia (Mongolian Altai) and China (Nan Shan) (Gubanov 1996;Mikhailova 1981); however, it has not been included in the latest taxonomic treatment of the Flora of China (Zhang, Su, and Lidén. 2008). The species grows on rocky substrate. Corydalis grubovii is a new native species to the flora of Russia.

Taxonomic notes
According to the protologue, Corydalis grubovii is distinguished from Corydalis stricta Steph. by having larger smooth-edged broadly elliptical deciduous sepals and long bolls (28-35 mm) (Mikhailova 1981). The latter species belongs to the section Strictae (Fedde) Wendelbo, which includes 25 species: a very uniform and easily recognized group characterized by leaves with one to three pinnate divisions. Flowers yellow, usually narrow, with short obtuse spur. Inner petals with inconspicuous dorsal crest. Stigma with a small transversely set ellipsoid body with six usually distinct marginal papillae plus two pairs of submarginal papillae close to style (10 papillae altogether). Capsule linear to oblong. Seeds in one row; elaiosome present, set below a protruding hilum area (Zhang, Su, and Lidén. 2008).

Distribution and habitat
Erigeron annuus is native to eastern North America, including the United States and southern Canada (Nesom 2006). It is also well naturalized in Central America (Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Panama), Europe, Asia and Oceania (New Zealand) (Given 1984;Nesom 2006;Chen et al. 2011). It occurs mostly in disturbed habitats such as abandoned fields, roadsides and waste areas, being a common early-successional weed (Stratton 1991). Erigeron annuus is treated as an invasive plant in many European countries (Randall 2012 and literature cited therein). It produces a large number of wind-dispersed achenes, i.e. one plant may produce 10,000 to 100,000 achenes in a season (Stratton 1991), so it easily colonizes new areas.
In the Flora of Tajikistan, the genus Erigeron L. is represented by 25 species (Kochkareva and Zhogoleva 1988), and E. annuus is a new alien species to the flora of the country. Several individuals of this taxon were found in anthropogenic habitats, mainly on roadsides in Dushanbe.

Taxonomic notes
Erigeron annuus belongs to Erigeron sect. Phalacroloma (Cass.) Torr. & A.Gray, which consists of annual to biennial or short-lived perennial plants with branched, strigose to sparsely hirsute stems, oblanceolate and toothed leaves, and with capitula in loose paniculiform or corymbiform synflorescences. The section is restricted to three North American species, namely E. annuus, Erigeron strigosus Muhl. ex Willd. and Erigeron tenuis Torr. & A.Gray (Nesom 2008). In contrast to E. tenuis, both may be confused with each of them. Euphorbia subtilis differs from E. kaleniczenkoi by smaller size of more slender stems and grey-green involucres of inflorescence consisting of few rays (usually four to six, rarely up to eight); from E. leptocaula by much wider leaves, usually rounded at the top and often bent over the edge, and from E. microcarpa by smaller size of shoots, shorter spatulate-linear leaves, grey-green involucres and xeromorphic habitus. Geltman (1996aGeltman ( , 1996bGeltman ( , 2015 recognized E. subtilis as a separate well-limited species closely related to primarily Altai species E. microcarpa. Two of the discussed species, namely E. kaleniczenkoi and E. subtilis, can occur in two forms -glabrous and pubescent (Geltman 1996b(Geltman , 2015. The specimens cited below from Altai belong to the latter one.

Distribution and habitat
Orobanche bartlingii is a Eurasian species, occurring from the Pyrenees in Spain through France, Germany, Central Europe, and more frequently in Eastern Europe (the Baltic states), Russia to Siberia (Kreutz 1995;Carlón et al. 2009). Orobanche alsatica sensu lato has been listed from the Caucasus by Novopokrovskij and Tzvelev (1958) with remarks that the taxon occurs rarely and not in all regions. New localities of O. bartlingii have been found in rocky grasslands on steep slopes in the Greater Caucasus (southern slopes of the Racha Range) and in the Lesser Caucasus (southern slopes of the Meskheti Range) in Georgia. The species is a new, native taxon to the flora of this country (comp. Gagnidze 2005). Populations of the species are differentiated in size and comprise from 20 to 300 shoots. The largest population is located on the edge of Borjomi-Kharaguli National Park. ]. These two taxa were classified at various ranks, as varieties (Beck 1890), subspecies (Pusch 2009), or as an aggregate comprising both of them (Zázvorka 1997(Zázvorka , 2000. However, most authors considered them as separate species (e.g. Kreutz 1995;Kotov 1999; Pujadas Salvà and Gómez García 2000; E. annuus and E. strigosus produce bristles only on the disc achenes (Nesom 2006). Erigeron annuus is superficially very similar to E. strigosus, but it has broader leaves and more teeth than the latter. Intermediate morphological features between E. annuus and E. strigosus are found in E. strigosus var. septentrionalis (Fernald & Wiegand) Fernald (Nesom 2006). Taking into account cytological and morphological data, Frey, Baltisberger, and Edwards (2003) Nobis s.n. (KRA 456,874).

Distribution and habitat
Euphorbia subtilis is a predominantly European species occurring in the steppes of eastern Europe and southern Ural (Geltman 1996a(Geltman , 2015Kulikov 2005;Ryabinina andKnyazev 2009). Geltman (1996a) suggested that this species is distributed also in western Siberia, but he gave no specifying locations. Baikov (2005) pointed out (in note to Euphorbia microcarpa Prokh.) that plants similar to E. subtilis were found in the steppes of the Altai Country but has not included this species in the general list. In Baikov (2012) and Silantyeva (2013) E. subtilis was not accounted for Altai Krai or for Asiatic Russia. This species is a rare native species to the flora of Siberia and Asiatic Russia growing in the lowlands of West Altai.

Distribution and habitat
Orobanche grenieri was known from southwestern Europe: Spain and France (Schultz 1845;Carlón et al. 2005a;Crouzet, Pavon, and Michaud 2009;Tison, Jauzein, and Michaud 2014). However, it was recently found in the Caucasus: in Georgia  and Azerbaijan (Rätzel, Ristow, and Uhlich 2015), as well as in the Pamirs in Tajikistan . Apart from that, previously uncertain data were confirmed from Italy, Ukraine (Crimea), and Turkey (Carlón et al. 2005a;Rätzel, Ristow, and Uhlich 2015). Orobanche grenieri parasitizes the roots of Lactuca spp., and grows in sunny, rocky slopes and hills, in grasslands or steppe communities of mountainous areas (Carlón et al. 2005a(Carlón et al. , 2005b.
A new locality of Orobanche grenieri parasitizing Lactuca sp. has been found in Kyrgyzstan, and it is a new, native species to the flora of this country.

Taxonomic notes
The flora of Kyrgyzstan contains 15 species of Orobanche and five species of Phelipanche Pomel. (Lazkov and Sultanova 2011), but their distributions and hosts species are not sufficiently known and require further research.
Orobanche grenieri is similar to Orobanche cernua Loefl., and was previously treated as one of its synonyms (e.g. Chater and Webb 1972). Recent studies clearly showed that the two taxa differ in host preferences as well as morphological and molecular traits (Carlón et al. 2005b;.
From the subalpine meadows in the Caucasian Range Orobanche alsatica var. heraclei Tzvel. and Orobanche ingens (Beck) Tzvel. were also described, with lax inflorescence, large corolla and densely hairy filaments, both parasiting Heracleum (Novopokrovskij and Tzvelev 1958;Tzvelev 1990). Moreover, along the borders of Iran, where typical O. alsatica is absent, O. alsatica var. iranica Tzvel. was recorded -with large corolla and subglabrous filaments, of which the host is unknown (Novopokrovskij and Tzvelev 1958). This taxon requires further field study and taxonomic revisions with molecular investigations. our opinion P. intricata is not the modern hybrid, but an aggregate, which includes the hybrid populations, which could arise over time. KAZAKHSTAN

Distribution and habitat
To date, Poa pseudoaltaica has only been recorded from Russian Altai, being quite common, but endemic to this area. It occurs in the subalpine belt, on the cliffs among thickets or rare trees near the timberline. The species was found among collections from the adjacent part of Kazakhstanian Altai, in similar habitats. Some samples from Kazakhstanian Altai were found in the P.N. Krylov herbarium (TK) as well.

Taxonomic notes
At TK, specimens of P. pseudoaltaica have been determined by V. Reverdatto as Poa altaica Trin. Nevertheless they differ from this species with shorter spikelets, and uppermost nodes being exposed at the upper part of lower one-third of stem. These plants are closer to P. palustris or Poa stepposa (Kryl.) Roshev., whereas "true" P. altaica belongs to agg. P. glauca. This race is supposed to arise from hybridization of P. glauca and P. palustris or P. stepposa. KAZAKHSTAN

Distribution and habitat
Poa albertii is distributed in the alpine zone of Asian mountains. It is a common species in Middle and Central Asia (Roshevitz 1934;Tzvelev 1968), but has not been previously recorded in the Altai Mountains.

Taxonomic notes
This species combines the characters of Poa attenuata Trin. and Poa glauca Vahl., but it is supposed to be of hybrid origin. The hybridization of these two species seems to form an agamic complex, which is treated here as agg. P. albertii. It comprises taxa with different morphological types and vague status. Some of them were described as Poa rangkulensis Ovcz. & Czuk., Poa scabriculmis N.R.Cui and Poa indattenuata Keng ex P.C.Keng & G.Q.Song. During examination of type material of P. alberti, Poa attenuata and P. glauca, we noted their morphological similarity. Nevertheless, they can be distinguished by the characters of lemma and callus (glabrous or hairy), length of ligules, and characters of culm. As this work is aimed to reveal the morphological diversity as completely as possible, all the taxa mentioned above are treated here as separate species within aggr. P alberti. All of the species listed here occur in Central Asia and Pan-Himalayas, and only P. albertii s.str. was found in the Altai Mountain system.

Distribution and habitat
This hybridogenous species seems to be distributed quite broadly, mainly in Siberia and northeastern Europe. This distribution might be broader, but it seems to be missing in collections, being identified as Poa palustris L. or Poa nemoralis L. This species has not been recorded in Kazakhstan to date (Gamayunova 1956;Abdulina 1999;Baitulin and Kotukhov 2011). It grows in clearings of deciduous and mixed forests, within thickets, on meadows.

Taxonomic notes
Global geological and climatic changes in the northern hemisphere during the Pleistocene have resulted in widespread shifts of vegetation zones and subsequent large-scale hybridization as a result of secondary contacts of previously isolated taxa (Tzvelev 1976). That kind of hybridization seems to occur between P. palustris and P. nemoralis. Hybrids between these species were described as P. intricata by Wein (1911), but in

Distribution and habitat
Polygonum subaphyllum is distributed in Central Asia: Balkhash territory, Muyunkum desert, Bolshie Barsuki sands, in the vicinity of Tashkent city, Fergana Valley, Tian Shan (Western), the Pamir-Alai (Western), the Kopet-Dag, Badkhyz (Chukavina 1971), and is reported from China for the first time. It is found in the alkaline steppes, saltworts, meadows, sands, roads and fields, altitude 200-2200 m.

Taxonomic notes
In the Flora of China, the genus Polygonum L. s.l. is represented by 113 (23 endemic) species (Li et al. 2003). Polygonum subaphyllum is included in the section Polygonum L., subsection Patula Tzvel. This section consists of 50 species, which are annual and perennial herbs, sometimes shrubs (Tzvelev 1978). Existing treatments of this section vary widely in numbers of recognized species (Akeroyd 1993). Great morphological variability caused by environmental conditions and interspecific hybridization creates difficulties in the taxonomy of this section (Yurtseva 2001). The subsection is characterized by thin laminae, bracts shorter than flowers, opaque fruits with a longitudinally rugose surface. Species belonging to this subsection differ in fruit length to perianth ratio, perianth separation depth, elliptical or linear forms of laminae, presence or absence of lateral veins on the lower surface of the laminae (Tzvelev 1996). Polygonum subaphyllum differs from Polygonum patulum M. Bieb. in its leaves, which have mostly fallen by flowering, glaucous leaf blades with inconspicuous lateral veins at base; perianth near fruit with separated segments, less deep (two-thirds) cleft.

Distribution and habitat
Ranunculus mongolicus occurs in Siberia, Russian Far East, Mongolia, China and Nepal. It is found also along the west coast of North America, where it is reported as Ranunculus aquatilis L. (G.Wiegleb, J.Zalewska-Gałosz, A.A. Bobrov, unpbl). The species vicinity of Kaba river, Dara-Tatan, alpine area. 30 July to 2 August 1920, Exp. of V.V. Sapozhnikov s.n. (TK).

Distribution and habitat
This species is quite common in Siberia and Russian Far East, some localities were recorded in Mongolia, Ural and Eastern Europe. During revision of Poa for the new Flora of Altai three samples of P. sergievskajae were found among the collections of Yuriy Kotukhov, collected by him in the Kazakhstanian part of Altai. This species was not recorded in Kazakhstan before (Gamayunova 1956;Abdulina 1999;Baitulin and Kotukhov 2011) and its distribution in the Altai region requires further study. It occurs in the birch and spruce forests, forest clearings, among thickets.

Taxonomic notes
Poa sergievskajae was described in 1971 from Russian Far East: "Amurskaya Distr., Amursko-Zejskoe plateau, basin of river. M. Pery, tributary of Zeya, near village Klimovtsy, birch forest on the plateau with forbs, Carex and Calamagrostis, 11.VI.1957, V. Lipatova, I. Petrova" (LE!). This species is very close to P. pratensis L. and differs from it by more narrow leaf blades and moderately pubescent lemmas. Probatova (1985) suggests that it arises from hybridization between species of nominal section and the section Homalopoa or Macropoa, and replaces P. pratensis in forests. Because of its narrow leaves the dry samples of P. sergievskajae in the herbarium are frequently confused with Poa angustifolia. Nevertheless, they easily differ by their habitat, whereas the narrow leaves are common not only for xeromorphic P. angustifolia, but for mesomorphic P. sergievskajae and even for Poa turfosa Litv. from peat bogs (Olonova 2007).

Distribution and habitat
The species was originally described from the Eastern Sayan Mountains. Ranunculus pseudomonophyllus is distributed in Russia: Altai Republic, Krasnoyarsk Territory Tuva Republic, Irkutsk Region, Buryatia Republic, Trans-Baikal Territory and Yakutia (Timokhina, Friesen, and Vlasova 1993). It grows in mossy tundra, on muddy banks of rivers and streams, and in boggy larch and larch-spruce forests. Ranunculus pseudomonophyllus is a new native species to the flora of Mongolia.

Taxonomic notes
In the flora of Mongolia, the broad genus Ranunculus L., including the genus Batrachium (DC.) Gray, is represented by 25 species (Gubanov 1996). Ranunculus pseudomonophyllus belongs to Sect. Auricomus Schur. This section consists of 45-60 species [additionally c. 600 agamospecies in the Eurasian Ranunculus auricomus complex (Hörandl et al. 2009), and several taxa of uncertain taxonomic status (Hörandl and Emadzade 2012)]. Representatives of the subsection Auricomus are distinguished from species of the subsection Cassubici Tzvel. (for example, Ranunculus monophyllus Ovcz.) by the lack of filmy scale-like leaves at the shoot base (Tzvelev 1994). Ranunculus pseudomonophyllus differs from the closely related R. auricomus in having round-cordate or reniform, three-lobed, with sharp-toothed edges with a narrow exserted average lobe (versus dissected into oblong-cuneate segments expanding towards the apex, three to six segments), blades of rosette leaves. In addition, the species exhibits a slightly pubescent receptacle, but after flowering hairs fall. Ranunculus auricomus has a puberulent receptacle.

Contributors -Andrey Erst, Dmitry Shaulo, Kun-Li Xiang
Distribution and habitat Ranunculus smirnovii was described from the Barun-Burin-Khan Mountain located 50 km from Mongolia (Ovchinnikov 1937). This species is distributed mainly in the Eastern Siberia (Russia): Buryatia Republic (locus classicus), Irkutsk Region, Trans-Baikal Territory, Krasnoyarsk Territory, the Republics of Altai, Khakassia, Yakutia and Tuva (Timokhina, Friesen, and Vlasova 1993). grows in shallow, predominately standing water, but occasionally also running water. During the taxonomic revision of herbarium materials from the section Batrachium, performed in the Herbarium of the National Academy of Science, Kyrgyzstan (FRU), specimens representing R. mongolicus (Krylov) Serg. were found. Plants were gathered in the brackish lake in Terskei, Alatau, Kyrgyzstan, and were identified as Batrachium triphyllum (Wallr.) Dum. This name is not widely accepted now and is regarded as synonymous with Ranunculus peltatus Schrank (Cook 1966) or R. aquatilis (Czerepanov 2007). Examined Batrachium triphyllum individuals expressed several characters consistently different from the features of R. peltatus and R. aquatilis and have been identified as R. mongolicus. Other specimens of Batrachium triphyllum recorded in the Issyk-kul region in Kyrgyzstan (Lazkov and Sultanova 2011) require revision. Ranunculus mongolicus is new and native to the flora of Kyrgyzstan (Lazkov and Sultanova 2011).

Taxonomic notes
Ranunculus mongolicus belongs to the section Batrachium (DC) A.Gray, taxonomically one of the most challenging aquatic groups of plants . Due to common polyploidization, hybridization and extreme morphological variation, the taxonomic borders of the Batrachium taxa are still unclear (Zalewska-Gałosz, Jopek, and Ilnicki 2015).
Ranunculus mongolicus is similar to R. aquatilis, but it is smaller in all parts and its nectar pits are lunate whereas nectar pits formed by R. aquatilis and R. peltatus are circular and pyriform, respectively. Phylogenetically R. mongolicus is most closely related with R. trichophyllus Chaix and Ranunculus ashibetsuensis Wiegleb . Distribution, morphology and phylogenetic relations of R. mongolicus are still insufficiently known.
Individuals from Kyrgyzstan are heterophyllous and generative, with developed flowers and fruits. Floating leaves are up to 12 mm long and 15 mm wide, fivelobed, with up to 15 secondary lobes and basal sinus lamina 30-45°. Submersed, capillary leaves are alternate, c. 20 mm long, obconical. Intermediate leaves are also present, with apical capillary segments. Peduncles in fruit are up to 20-30 mm long. Petals are 5-8 mm long with one lunate nectar pit per petal. Receptacles are subglobose and pubescent.

Ranunculus pseudomonophyllus Timokhina (Ranunculaceae)
Contributors -Andrey Erst, Dmitry Shaulo glabrous; a folded cuticle; parenchymal exocarp, parenchymal outer and sclerenchymous inner parts of the mesocarp; and sclerenchymous endocarp (Devyatov and Erst 2013). Ranunculus turczaninovii is morphologically close to Ranunculus pedatifidus Smith, but differs from the latter in having anisophylly: slightly cut or palmately five-to nine-lobed blades of rosette leaves and sessile, deeply palmately lobed or dissected by three to seven linear segmented stem leaves (Luferov 2004). Ranunculus turczaninovii grows in low hills and plains, but not in the alpine highlands (Voroshilov 1994).

Distribution and habitat
Sternbergia lutea is a species native to southern Europe and southwestern Asia. It is known from Spain, through the south of France, Italy, the Balkans, Greece and across North Africa east from Morocco extending into Asia as far as the Caucasus and Iran (Gorshkova 1935;Wendelbo 1970;Webb 1980;Davis and Stuart 1984;Gage and Wilkin 2008). This range is somehow artificially extended by cultivation and introduction as an ornamental plant.
In the former Soviet Union the species was reported from the eastern foreland of the Caucasus range and Middle Asia, but without an exact indication of the former republic or country. The species has been assigned as a native species to Pamir Alai and Turkmenistan (Gorshkova 1935). In the Flora of Tajik's SSR, Sternbergia lutea was mentioned as known from 'Buchara orientalis' (most probably in Uzbekistan; specimens collected by Regel in LE). Additionally it was found in the western section of the Hissar and Zeravshan ranges just a few kilometres from the Tajik's border (Ovchinnikov 1963).
Sternbergia lutea is a plant with relatively narrow ecological amplitude. In its native range it prefers woodlands and scrublands in Mediterranean-like climates. It was rarely found in open habitats not shaded by thickets or coppices. It is found from near sea level to c. 1800 m in elevation in stony habitats on limestone or in scrubland in the open where it receives full sun (Wendelbo 1970;Webb 1980;Guarino and Napolitano 2006).
The population of Sternbergia lutea was found in one location, within the steppe-forest formation of Juniperus turkestanica on the northern slopes of the side hills in Okhtangi (Akhtengi) River Valley near to Imeni Kalinina village. The population consists of dozens of individuals The species is also found in China, namely Nei Mongol (Wang and Gilbert 2001). Ranunculus smirnovii is a new native species to the flora of Mongolia.

Taxonomic notes
Ranunculus smirnovii belongs to the section Ranunculus, which includes about 30 species (Hörandl and Emadzade 2012), and it is characterized by three-to five-lobed partite or dissected rosette and cauline leaves; pedicels with no grooves; glabrous receptacle (Luferov 2004); smooth, glabrous, margined, laterally compressed, thick-walled, obovate achenes (Erst 2008); a smooth cuticle; parenchymal outer and sclerenchymous inner parts of the mesocarp, and sclerenchymous endocarp of transversely oriented achene fibres (Devyatov and Erst 2013). Ranunculus smirnovii differs from the closely related Ranunculus grandifolius C.A.Mey in having smaller flowers and the lack of creeping rhizomes. From closely related species from the section Ranunculus, for example Ranunculus propinquus C.A.Mey, this species is well distinguished by long red, often downward-directed hairs (especially dense in the lower part of the plant). The section Ranunculus is morphologically similar to the section Polyanthemos (Luferov) Malacha, but can be distinguished in having a glabrous receptacle (versus hairless).

Distribution and habitat
Ranunculus turczaninovii occurs in Eastern Siberia and the Russian Far East (Luferov 2004). This species is indicated for Mongolia, Central Asia, and China, but without specifying the locations (Voroshilov 1994;Luferov 2004). A floristic overview of the flora of China does not cover this species (Wang and Gilbert 2001). A new location of R. turczaninovii is reported for the first time for the flora of Mongolia.

Taxonomic notes
Ranunculus turczaninovii belongs to the section Auricomus Schur (Hörandl and Emadzade 2012), subsection Pedatifidi Tzvel. (Tzvelev 1994). This subsection is characterized by smooth-edged segments of stem leaves; the lack of scale-like leaves at the base (Luferov 2004), achenes covered with short hairs at the apex or on the margins of a semi-artificial water reservoir of the Monthey chemical site in the canton of Valais. This reservoir was constructed adjacent to river Rhône in 1934.
In 2013 contaminated sediments were removed and the species subsequently appeared on the exposed natural substratum that is inundated by emerging groundwater. The Swiss national floristic database (www.infoflora. ch/fr/flore) only mentions Bolboschoenus maritimus (L.) Palla, a rare species with few recent records in the western part of the country and Tessin. In Valais, where B. yagara was found, the two last natural occurrences of B. maritimus were recorded near Sion around 1996 (Desfayes 1996) but it is extinct now. However, the genus is probably insufficiently understood in Switzerland. Ciardo et al. (2011) recently reported the discovery of Bolboschoenus laticarpus Marhold & al., another species that was hitherto overlooked.
In Monthey at least 100 individuals of B. yagara were counted (on c. 30-35 m²) on the verge of a Typha latifolia L. stand. Its residence status in this locality is uncertain. Monthey (and Switzerland as a whole) lies disjunct from the species' main distribution area in Central Europe (see Hroudová et al. 2007 for a map). Moreover, in its single Swiss locality the species grows in a semi-artificial water reservoir that hardly matches its preferable habitat (see below). The area is frequented by migratory birds and these may have been responsible for the inadvertent introduction of this species. Water birds are known to play an important role in the dispersal of B. yagara over great distances (e.g. Hroudová et al. 2007). However, it cannot be excluded that the species emerged from a long-lived seed bank that was exposed in 2013, although this seems less likely since historical records of B. maritimus (s.l.) are lacking in Valais.
In Central Europe B. yagara usually occupies a rather narrow ecological niche. Contrary to the more widespread Central European species B. laticarpus Marhold, Hroudová, Ducháček & Zákravský and Bolboschoenus planiculmis (F.Schmidt) T.V.Egorova, both with a wide ecological amplitude and sometimes even seen as weeds of agricultural fields, B. yagara is mostly observed on oligotrophic, acidophilous substrates. It is often associated with fishpond basins and other inland reservoirs with standing water. Within the B. maritimus aggregate, it is regarded as the most sensitive species to increasing trophic levels (Hroudová et al. 2007).

Taxonomic notes
Bolboschoenus yagara has long been confused with B. maritimus and other members of this species complex. In Europe this group is represented by Bolboschoenus affinis (Roth) Dobrow (with a very limited distribution), Bolboschoenus glaucus (Lam.) S.G. Smith, B. laticarpus, B. maritimus, B. planiculmis and B. yagara (Euro+Med Plantbase 2016). Bolboschoenus yagara is in fact fairly distinct: its mature achenes are blackish, trigonous in cross-section, with three equilateral sides, and are and grows in loose coppices with Juniperus turkestanica dominating.

Taxonomic notes
Sternbergia lutea is the only species representing this genus in Tajikistan. The flora of the former Soviet Union consists of three out of seven known species of the genus (Gorshkova 1935;Mathew 1983). Sternbergia lutea was divided into two subspecies according to the width of leaves and perianth segments: S. lutea subsp. lutea having 4 to 15 mm wide leaves and 7 to 15 mm wide perianth segments and S. lutea subsp. sicula (Tineo ex Guss.) K.Ritch with 3 to 5 mm wide leaves and 4 to 8 mm wide perianth segments (Webb 1980

Distribution and habitat
Bolboschoenus yagara was originally described from Kyoto, Japan (Ohwi 1944). For quite a long time it was believed to be restricted to eastern Asia. Browning et al. (1996) were the first to report its occurrence in Europe (a single, historical record from Germany). However, soon afterwards B. yagara was discovered in several additional countries, mainly in Central Europe. Hroudová et al. (2001) emphasized the species' occurrence in the Czech Republic; subsequently, Hroudová et al. (2005) and Hroudová, Marhold, and Jarolímová (2006) reported its presence in Poland and Austria, respectively. Also from Germany numerous new records came to light (Hroudová, Gregor, and Zákravský 2009). A thorough revision of European herbaria finally yielded additional records from France, Sweden, Ukraine and the European part of Russia, although the species' distribution in Europe was obviously concentrated in the centre of the continent, mainly in Austria, the Czech Republic, Germany and Poland (Hroudová et al. 2007). At least in this part of Europe, B. yagara is considered a native but long overlooked species.
In August 2015 a population of B. yagara was discovered by one of us (Ph. Werner) and visited a second time with J.-F. Burri, who transmitted the material for identification to the first author. It was observed, apparently for the first time in Switzerland, in shallow water 2008). However, Verloove and Sánchez Gullón (2012) proved that all alien Cenchrus specimens from Croatia should be ascribed to Cenchrus longispinus (Hack.) Fernald. In the Pannonian part of Serbia (Anačkov et al. 2013) C. spinifex was reported, but it is possible that part of the reports is also ascribable to C. longispinus (Verloove and Sánchez Gullón 2012). Distinction of these two species was shown to be problematic in the whole Mediterranean region (Verloove and Sánchez Gullón 2012).
In its native range Cenchrus spinifex inhabits open sandy soils and coastal plains (Hitchcock 1971). It grows in tufts or dense mats and is well-adapted to dry sandy and sandy loam soils (Magee 2002). Hence, the Velika Plaža in Ulcinj perfectly fits its ecological requirements. On this ruderalized site, the species was accompanied by   (Verloove and Sánchez Gullón 2012). The latter, however, always has more spines, the inner being terete to slightly flattened and the outer often bristle-like and relatively slender. The differences between these two species are thoroughly discussed and illustrated by Verloove and Sánchez Gullón (2012).

Distribution and habitat
Orobanche baumanniorum is known as an endemic species from Greece (Greuter and Thomas 1987;Uhlich 1994). During revision of the genus Orobanche L. in Turkey, we found that this species is distributed through various parts of the Middle Taurus, from Antalya to Mersin. This species grows in sunny, dry slopes in open woodland mostly Pinus and Abies forests, and we expect remarkably narrow (c. 1.6-1.8 mm wide). The outer layer of the pericarp (exocarp) is thinner than the mesocarp and formed of isodiametric cells (for illustrations see Hroudová et al. 2007). Also, the perianth bristles persist at maturity. A combination of these features is not encountered in any of the other species currently found in Europe.

Examined specimens (new record)
SWITZERLAND: Monthey, étang de la STEP des usines de Monthey [lake of the STEP chemical plant of Monthey], 46.26180 N/6.97020 E, 30 September 2015, J.F. Burri s.n. (BR). In July 2015 C. spinifex was recorded for the first time in Montenegro. The species grows along the paved path in front of the Hotel Olympic Beach at the Velika Plaža in Ulcinj. The population counted c. 30 individuals in a rather small area of c. 150 m 2 . Up to now, the plant is known only from this single locality. Due to the spiny seeds that enable the plant to spread over long distances, and to anchor seeds in vegetated areas (Forbes 2004), we expect that the population size will increase rapidly. Colonization of the area might also cause an inconvenience to tourists and visitors (Szigetvári 2006). To prevent the spread of this invasive species and to avoid negative impacts, both on native biodiversity and tourism, urgent measures of eradication should be undertaken.

Contributors
The pathway of introduction of this species in Montenegro is uncertain but might be associated with tourism. In recent years the number of foreign visitors has rapidly increased (Bošković 2014). They usually reach Montenegro via Albania. Up to now C. spinifex is not reported yet from Albania, but it is known from Greece, where it has the status of an invasive alien plant (Arianoutsou et al. 2010). Before the critical revision of herbarium material collected in Croatia (Verloove and Sánchez Gullón 2012) C. spinifex was also considered as an invasive alien species in that country (Boršić et al. Turkey, and it is a new, native species to the flora of this country. It grows in subalpine grassland in grassy, herbaceous vegetation. However, other genera, like Prangos L., Zozimia Hoffm. and Eryngium L. have also been reported as hosts of this taxon (Novopokrovskij and Tzvelev 1958).
The Mediterranean region is one of the centres of diversity for the genus Orobanche, and Turkey's flora hosts around 33% of the species (Gilli 1982;Dönmez 2013, 2014). According to the recent studies, the genus Orobanche s.str. comprises 27 species in Turkey.

Taxonomic notes
This species belongs to section Inflatae (Beck) Tzvel. with heteromorphic pollen and stamen insertion near the middle of the corolla. Whereas the majority of Orobanche have homogeneous pollen, all members of the Orobanche section Inflatae (except Orobanche stocksii Boiss.) have heteromorphic pollen grains. These taxa produce inaperturate, tricolpate, bi-or trisyncolpate pollen grains in the same anther. Morphologically, these taxa also show a large range of variation in size of the corolla.
Orobanche kotschyi is closely related to Orobanche gigantea (G.Beck) Gontsch. and Orobanche clavata Schiman-Czeika, both distributed in Central and East Asia. Orobanche gigantea was first recognized by Beck (1890) as a variety of O. kotschyi, however, later it was increased to species level. According to Schiman-Czeika (1964) O. clavata is also morphologically close to O. kotschyi, but it differs from it by having long bracts and pale brown corolla.

Distribution and habitat
In the flora of Poland, there are three cultivated species of Panicum, namely Panicum capillare L., Panicum miliaceum L. and Panicum virgatum F.Muell., and two casual alien species (ephemerophytes), namely Panicum dichotomiflorum Michx. and Panicum implicatum Scribn. ex Britton. (Mirek et al. 2002). In the course of revision of herbarium materials of the P. capillare in Poland, we found another species of this genus, this species to have continued distribution along the whole coastline of the Mediterranean Sea in Turkey. Orobanche baumanniorum is a new, native species to the flora of this country, and parasitizes Cephalaria sp.

Taxonomic notes
Orobanche baumanniorum was described by Greuter and Thomas (1987) based on specimens from Greece. These authors believe that this species is closely related with Orobanche pancici Beck, one of the Balkan endemics. Because of the presence of dark glandular hairs, Uhlich (1994) accordingly placed this taxon in the subsection Glandulosae (Beck) Teryokhin. Based on calyx and corolla length, character of bracts as well as calyx segments, Uhlich (1994)

Distribution and habitat
Orobanche kotschyi is holoparasitic species, occurring from Armenia, through Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan and Turkmenistan to the Pamir Alai Mountains in Middle Asia (Schiman-Czeika 1964). New localities of O. kotschyi parasitizing Ferula sp. have been found in not reported from the flora of Slovenia (Martinčič 2007). Throughout its secondary European range it is found in open forests, clearings, often in the neighbourhood of nurseries (Weber 1995;Zieliński 2004;Kurtto et al. 2010). In Slovenia, R. canadensis was collected in 1989, but it was misidentified as a presumed hybrid between two native bramble species. Only recently, the specimens were re-found and revised in the course of a taxonomic assessment of the Rubus collection in GJO. This "oldnew" locality is separated by a distance of 300 km from the nearest known stands in southern Czechia.

Taxonomic notes
Rubus canadensis is a representative of Rubus sect. Rubus ser. Canadenses (L.H.Bailey) H.E.Weber, nevertheless, some older publications (e.g. Weber 1995) included it in the ser. Rubus. From the similar native European species of ser. Rubus with erect stem it can be separated by the lack of prickles of the primocane. Rubus allegheniensis Porter, another introduced species of American origin, has few prickles on the first-year stem and numerous stalked glands in the inflorescence, whereas the inflorescence of R. canadensis is completely glabrous.

Distribution and habitat
Rubus slavonicus is a widespread bramble species in the southwestern part of the Pannonian Basin, especially abundant in some regions of the Bilogora Hills and Papuk Mountains (northern Croatia) and Somogy County (southwest Hungary), respectively. Its northernmost known localities are situated northwest of Lake Balaton near Sümeg in Central Hungary. The species grows mainly in lowlands and hilly regions, usually in sunny locations (forest fringes and clearings). It typically occurs in oak-hornbeam forests with several sub-Mediterranean elements (Király, Trávníček, and Žíla 2015). It can be treated as a regional bramble species with the tendency to a wide distribution (terms are used according to Kurtto et al. 2010).
The origin of the stand in Bavaria is not known; both the introduction of fruits by human trade or transport, and a natural colonization would be possible. However, the stand is widely isolated (lying approx. 400 km northwest of the previously known area), and no other specimens were found in the course of herbarium revisions and field excursions in this region. Hence, the occurrence is probably of anthropogenic origin.
Panicum barbipulvinatum Nash, which is a new, alien taxon for Poland. Pannicum barbipulvinatum is a species native to North America, but it has been found in many European countries (as Panicum riparium H.Scholz as well): Germany (Scholz 2002), Austria (Hohla 2006), Hungary (Király et al. 2009), Switzerland (Ciardo et al. 2011;Amarell, Hoffer-Massard, and Röthlisberger 2014), Italy (Wilhalm 2011;Verloove and Ardenghi 2015), France and Great Britain (Amarell 2013), Belgium (Verloove 2014), Croatia (Király and Alegro 2015), the Netherlands (Dirkse and Holverda 2016), Bosnia and Herzegovina, Romania and Sweden (Kiraly in . It grows in ruderal habitats (roadsides and railway areas) and on exposed sandy and gravelly banks of rivers (Verloove and Ardenghi 2015). In Europe, its occurrences in agricultural habitats are much less frequent (Király and Alegro 2015). Although, our record of P. barbipulvinatum comes from herbarium material, other stands in Poland are possible, especially as it was frequently noted on the western bank of the Oder river, which is the border between Poland and Germany (http://www. flora-deutschlands.de).

Taxonomic notes
Panicum barvipulvinatum is known from Europe under the name of P. riparium, which was described by Scholz (2002). However, according to Amarell (2013), P. riparium should be synonymized with P. barbipulvinatum, which was described ealier from America. This older name was already adopted by other authors (Verloove and Ardenghi 2015;Dirkse and Holverda 2016).
Panicum barvipulvinatum is most similar to P. capillare, but it can be easily distinguished from the latter in having shorter pedicels and longer spikelets with acuminate apex (for more details see Amarell 2013; Király and Alegro 2015;or Dirkse and Holverda 2016).

Examined specimens (new record)
POLAND: Ruderal places close to Chmielów railway station, near Tarnobrzeg

Distribution and habitat
Rubus canadensis is native to Atlantic North America where it is cultivated for its fruits and has been regionally naturalized for a long time in Central and Northern Europe. However, the species has not been reported yet south of the Alps and the Carpathians, accordingly, it is During the field research carried out by us in the vicinity of Szprotawa in 2012, the mentioned locality of S. eriocaulis has not been confirmed. Moreover, the revision of herbarium materials as well as field research carried out in almost all of the contemporary known localities of S. pennata and S. pulcherrima in Poland have not brought the expected results in the form of finding other localities of this species. It is possible that more detailed studies could lead to find this quite generally indicated by Dziaczko locality. However, taking into account that it has not been confirmed since the end of the nineteenth century, S. eriocaulis should be considered as an extinct species in Poland.

Taxonomic notes
Stipa eriocaulis was described by Borbás (1883) from Croatia. However, it is still misidentified with other members of Stipa, especially from the secion Stipa, and its taxonomic position has undergone numerous changes. For instance, Martinovský proposed the new combination S. pennata subsp. eriocaulis (Martinovský and Skalický 1969;Martinovský 1980) and synonymized S. eriocaulis subsp. lutetiana H.Scholz with S. pennata L. On the other hand, Mansfeld (1939), and later Rauschert (1970) and Tzvelev (1974Tzvelev ( , 1976 claimed that the name "Stipa pennata" must be used for Stipa joannis Čelak. It was also confirmed by Freitag (1985), who chose a lectotype from original material studied by Linneaus. Also some modern scholars as Danihelka et al. (2000) or Gonzalo, Aedo, and García (2013) concluded that S. eriocaulis exhibits some diagnostic features, which make this species distinguishable from S. pennata as well as other Stipa taxa.
Because of the ventral line of hairs reaching the top of the lemma as well as short hairs between ribs on adaxial surface of vegetative leaves, S. eriocaulis is most similar to S. pulcherrima. However, it differs from the aforementioned species by having shorter anthecium (15.0-20.7 versus 19.3-23.8 mm), shorter awn (218-312 versus 285-438 mm) and shorter hairless part of awn (column) (47-81 versus 75-112 mm). Some previous authors (Scholz 1968;Martinovský 1977Martinovský , 1980Danihelka et al. 2000) stressed that S. eriocaulis is also characterized by having glabrous and smooth abaxial surfaces of the vegetative leaves, while S. pulcherrima have generally scabrous vegetative leaves. During our study we found that the roughness of the abaxial surface of the vegetative leaves is quite variable in case of S. eriocaulis, the leaves can be glabrous and smooth or slightly scabrous (especially in the lower part or on older leaves). Because of the strong similarity of these two taxa they are often misidentified. For example, the presence of S. eriocaulis in the Czech Republic was confirmed in the late 1990s (Danihelka et al. 2000) but was earlier confused with S. pulcherrima. Stipa eriocaulis is also somewhat similar to the other species of the section Stipa occurring in

Taxonomic notes
Rubus slavonicus is a recently described apomictic species of Rubus sect. Rubus ser. Micantes Sudre. It differs from the widespread Central European Rubus clusii Borbás by the lack of stalked glands on the primocane, the lower number of prickles on the inflorescence axis and the often reflexed sepals. The diagnostic features against Rubus ambulans Matzk. are the presence of stalked glands on inflorescence axis and pedicels, and the position of sepals after anthesis. There are further smaller differences among R. slavonicus and the related species mentioned in the dimensions of the leaf, petioles and serration (Matzke-Hajek 2004;Király, Trávníček, and Žíla 2015).

Distribution and habitat
Stipa L. is one of the largest genera in the family Poaceae, with approximately 150 species distributed in steppes and open grassland habitats of Eurasia and North Africa (Tzvelev 1976;Martinovský 1980;Freitag 1985;Nobis 2013;Nobis, Nowak, and Nobis 2013;Nobis, Klichowska et al. 2016). In Poland, Stipa is represented by four species: Stipa capillata L., Stipa pennata L., Stipa pulcherrima K.Koch and Stipa borystenica Klokov ex Prokudin. All of these species are strictly protected and (exept S. capillata) treated as endangered and included in the Polish red data book of plants (Ceynowa-Giełdon, Nobis, and Barańska 2014;Ceynowa-Giełdon, Nobis, and Rutkowski 2014;Nobis 2014). During revision of the herbarium materials from the genus Stipa deposited in the Opole Silesia Museum, we came across herbarium sheets with three interesting specimens of Stipa collected by Dziaczko in June 1889. They were determined as Stipa pennata, but careful examination of these specimens showed that two of them belong to S. pennata, whereas the third specimen represents Stipa eriocaulis. This species is widespread in a few Central and East European countries, namely in Germany, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Austria, Hungary, Slovenia, Switzerland and Ukraine (Martinovský 1980;Ludwig and Schnittler 1996;Marhold and Hindák 1998;Danihelka et al. 2000;Gonzalo, Aedo, and García 2013); however, it has not been reported to date from Poland (Ceynowa-Giełdon 1976;Mirek et al. 2002). The Polish stand of S. eriocaulis is the northernmost locality of the species in Central Europe.

Distribution and habitat
Tragopogon pratensis subsp. minor is a taxon native to West and Central Europe (Tutin et al. 1976). Its general range covers Great Britain, central part of Ireland, France, Switzerland, southern ends of Norway and Sweden, Denmark, Belgium, the Netherlands, northwestern Germany and the western part of the Czech Republic (Meusel and Jäger 1992). In the Czech Republic most of its localities occur in the western and southern part of the country, where it is treated as a native species; however, in the eastern part of the country (Moravian Region) it is treated as an anthropophyte. It grows there on grassy roadsides, debris, railway embankments and in ruderal places (Slavík and Štěpánková 2004). In Poland, T. pratensis subsp. minor has been recorded only in two, near-positioned (50 km apart) localities, situated near Przemyśl (southeastern Poland). It was observed on grassy roadsides and on the flood embankment covered by meadow vegetation (Wolanin 2014). In recent years, new localities of T. pratensis subsp. minor have been found in the southern and southwestern parts of Poland.
The newly found localities of Tragopogon pratensis subsp. minor in Poland suggest that the species is established here in ruderal habitats.

Taxonomic notes
Tragopogon pratensis subsp. minor is most similar to T. pratensis subsp. pratensis; however, it is easily distinguishable by ligulate flowers about half as long as involucral bracts and involucral bracts often narrowly reddish marginated.

Examined specimens (new records)
POLAND: Chyrów Plateau, Przemyśl city, flood embankment, 49°46'54" N, 22°49'18" E, alt. 192 m, 20 May 2016, M.M. Wolanin, M.N. Wolanin s.n Poland, namely S. pennata and S. borystenia. However, the last two can be easily distinguished by the ventral line of hairs on the lemma, which terminate at one half to three-quarters (rarely four-fifths) of its length, adaxial surface of vegetative leaves covered only by very short spinules and awn 225-408 mm long. Stipa eriocaulis has a dorsal line of hairs totally fused with subdorsal ones while both S. borysthenica and S. pennata have dorsal and subdorsal lines slightly fused only at the bottom.

Distribution and habitat
Thymus callieri Borbás ex Velen. s.str. is described and known only from the Crimea. The species occurs in northern and eastern foothills of the steppe zone (Klokov 1954(Klokov , 1973. The species was found in 2014 in the northwestern Caucasus, 200 km from the nearest localities in Crimea. Thymus callieri is a new species for the flora of the Krasnodar region and the Caucasus. The species is distributed in the Peninsula Abrau in petrophyte vegetation on gravelly or rocky slopes with southern aspect. Thymus callieri was described from the northwestern Caucasus by Maleev (1931) "On the rocky southern slopes throughout the district. Often!! The Northern slope, in the meadow neighborhood Neberjaevskoye!!". However, we did not find herbarium specimens of T. callieri collected by Maleev (1931).
Thymus roegneri K. Koch, which is endemic to the southern part of Crimea, whose stems and both sides of leaves are densely covered with short and long hairs, is sometimes also wrongly merged with T. callieri, whose leaves are glabrous on both sides and whose stems are covered with long hairs only below the inflorescence. Arkadiusz Nowak (Department of Biosystematics, Opole University; University of Ostrava) has worked on the syntaxonomy of Middle Asia vegetation with special focus on forest, scree, rock, segetal, and riparian vegetation, for more than 11 years. He has conducted many field studies in Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, and Uzbekistan. The author's contributions are field studies and preparation of selected parts of the manuscript.

Examined specimens (new record)
Dmitry Shaulo is a researcher and head of Laboratory Herbarium (NS) of the Central Siberian Botanical Garden, Russian Academy of Sciences. His main research fields are taxonomy and chorology of native and nonnative flora of Siberia and Sayan mountains, taxonomy of some groups of vascular plants. The author's contributions are field studies and preparation of selected parts of the manuscript.

Marina Olonova (Biological Institute of Tomsk State
University) has worked on the systematic and evolution of bluegrasses more than 40 years. She has conducted many field studies in Siberia, China, and Tajikistan, focusing on their diversity, systematics, and biogeography. The author's contributions are: analyses of data and preparation of selected parts of the manuscript.
Yuriy Kotukhov is a main researcher of Altai botanical garden (Ridder, Kazakhstan), and more than 60 years working on systematic, ecology, and conservation of rare and vulnerable plants of Altai. The author's contributions are collecting and identification of bluegrasses.
Asli Doğru-Koca is a researcher at the Hacettepe University (Turkey) working Boraginaceac family. The author has provided plant material and contributed to the taxonomic discussion.
Ali A. Dönmez is a professor at the Hacettepe University (Turkey) faculty of science and working on systematics, diversity, and phylogeny of Rosaceae and Orobanchaceae in Turkey. He was first author supervisor during PhD thesis. The author contributed in the taxonomic discussion and improvement of selected part manuscript.

Disclosure statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Notes on contributors
Interests of all the authors lie in taxonomy, chorology and ecology of plants.
Marcin Nobis is a researcher and assistant professor of the Institute of Botany Jagiellonian University in Krakow and curator of the KRA herbarium. His main research fields are taxonomy and chorology of native and nonnative flora of Poland, flora, and vegetation of the central Asian mountains, taxonomy, and phylogeny of vascular plants (especially Poaceae: Stipeae). The author's contributions are the idea and project coordination, field and/or laboratory research, and preparing the manuscript.

Andrey Erst (Central Siberian Botanical Garden, Russian
Academy of Sciences and Tomsk State University). His main research fields are taxonomy and chorology of native flora of some Asian mountains, taxonomy, and phylogeny of vascular plants (especially Ranunculaceae). The author's contribution is preparation of selected parts of the manuscript.
interests include plant ecology, alien invasive species and soil seed bank. The author's contributions are revision of herbarium materials and preparation of selected part of the manuscript.
Nejc Jogan is a researcher of Department of Biology, University of Ljubljana. The author's contributions are field work and preparation of selected part of the manuscript.
Ewelina Klichowska is a PhD student at the Institute of Botany, Jagiellonian University. Her main interests include systematics, evolution and ecology of genus Stipa. The author's contributions are revision of herbarium materials and preparation of selected part of the manuscript.
Artur Pliszko is a researcher at the Institute of Botany of the Jagiellonian University in Kraków (Poland) interested in taxonomy of Erigeron and is also conducting taxonomical and ecological studies on spontaneous hybrids between alien and native vascular plant species. The author revised the herbarium specimens of Erigeron annuus and also co-wrote the part of the manuscript devoted to this species.