The methodological characterization of social sciences including political science conducted by the author reveals their employment of various types of research analyses, which in turn results in the variation of the "empirical level" of these disciplines. Research carried out in the area of political science aimed at distinguishing motivational structures in political dissidents constitutes a case in point. The empirical methods are not sufficient here; awareness as a subject of study is not inter-subjectively accessible as it is a non-observational, culturally determined "hidden property". In order to examine the convictions, knowledge, and value systems of people who take political decisions, a political scientist is compelled to make use of the subjective internal experience, i.e. the introspective experience. From the methodological point of view, the value of this type of experience is highly controversial. Nevertheless, political science cannot abandon it because of the specific nature of its own subject of study, even though it might raise objections as to a low "empirical level" of this discipline.