The catalogue of the most crucial ideas formed within Serbian / Montenegrin historiosophical thought covers the conceptions that often emerged within the framework of Medieval culture – like the idea of chosen peoples (the narod bogonosac), the nation as victim, as wanderer, as hero, as well as conceptions created later: the concept of svetosavlje/crnogoroslavlje (Orthodoxy as a religious-political idea), the organic-organicist concepts including ideas of suffering, fate, punishment for sins, the beginning and end of history. These ideas remain actual in the following centuries (for P. II P. Njegoš, N. Velimirović, S. Drljević, D. Ljotić, J. Popović, V. Jerotić, R. Samardžić, A. Jevtić) making a sense of the ethnicized symbols of collective memory and their projection for the future. In the same time, most of them make it possible to inscribe the national fate and history within the soteriological and mythical dimensions, which in turn support traditionalist beliefs in culture (including philosophy, theology, and literature) and in political life of both countries. The author’s investigation concerns three levels of their manifestations: a methodological perspective on history, the catalogue of key-ideas, and their categorization in pertinent features associated with the entirety of Serbian-Montenegrin cultural sphere, as well as both respective countries in their independent development. A distinct problem refers to the division between the native and borrowed elements (the former rooted in the Njegoš’s role in the canon, and the latter from the Russian Slavophilism).