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This study investigated leaf mesophyll cells of Caryophyllaceae plants growing in
polar regions – Cerastium alpinum and Silene involucrata from the Hornsund region of
Spitsbergen island (Svalbard Archipelago, Arctic), and Colobanthus quitensis from the Ad−
miralty Bay region on King George Island (South Shetland Islands, West Antarctic). Ultra−
structural changes were analyzed in mesophyll protoplasts of plants growing in natural Arctic
and Antarctic habitats and plants grown in a greenhouse, including plants exposed to
short−term cold stress under semi−controlled conditions. Cell organelles of plants growing in
natural polar habitats and greenhouse−grown plants were characterized by significant mor−
phological plasticity. Chloroplasts of plants studied in this work formed variously shaped pro−
trusions and invaginations that visibly increased the contact area between adjacent cell com−
partments and reduced the distance between organelles. S. involucrata plants grown under
greenhouse conditions, tested by us in this work, were characterized by highly dynamic cell
nuclei with single or multiple invaginations of the nuclear membrane and the presence of
channels and cisternae filled with cytoplasm and organelles. Crystalline inclusion proteins
were observed in the cell nuclei of C. quitensis between nuclear membranes and in the direct
proximity of heterochromatin. Our study revealed significant conformational dynamics of
organelles, manifested by variations in the optical density of matrices, membranes and enve−
lopes, in particular in C. quitensis, which could suggest that the analyzed Caryophyllaceae
taxa are well adapted to severe climate and changing conditions in polar regions.
Poza zaznaczonymi wyjątkami, licencja tej pozycji opisana jest jako Udzielam licencji. Uznanie autorstwa - Użycie niekomercyjne - Bez utworów zależnych 3.0