W pracy określono tendencję zmian wybranych sytuacji meteorotropowych w Krakowie w latach 1901–2010. Analizowano liczbę dni: mroźnych (t_m_a_x<0°C) i upalnych (t_m_a_x>30°C), nocy tropikalnych (t_m_i_n\qeq20°C), dni z dobową amplitudą temperatury powietrza >12°C (t_m_a_x–t_m_i_n>12°C) i ze zmianami temperatury powietrza z dnia na dzień >6°C (Δt_ś_r>6°C) oraz dni z niedoborem promieniowania słonecznego (0 godz. usłonecznienia). Stwierdzono, że maleje liczba dni z t_m_a_x<0°C i z Δt_ś_r>6°C – to przyczynia się do występowania w zimie słabych bodźców termicznych, które powodują utratę przystosowania organizmu człowieka do warunków pogodowych, natomiast w ciepłej połowie roku wzrasta częstość pojawiania się dni z t_m_a_x>30°C i nocy z t_m_i_n\qeq20°C, które mogą wywoływać przegrzanie organizmu. Korzystny dla mieszkańców Krakowa jest spadek liczby dni bez usłonecznienia (0 godz.), szczególnie na wiosnę i w lecie oraz w listopadzie.

The aim of the work described in this paper has been to determine the frequency of occurrence of certain meteotropic situations in Kraków over the last 110 years, as well as to identify any trends over time for these situations. The analysis made use of measurements of air temperature and sunshine duration for the period 1901–2010 at the Meteorological Station of the Climatology Department of the Jagiellonian University in Kraków, as well as the calendar of circulation types for the same period (Niedźwiedź, 2011). The situations taken into account in the study concerned the number of frosty days (t_m_a_x<0°C), very hot days (t_m_a_x>30°C), hot nights (t_m_i_n\qeq20°C), days with a daily amplitude of air temperature greater than 12°C (t_m_a_x–t_m_i_n>12°C), days with more than a 6°C change in air temperature from the previous day (Δt_ś_r>6°C) and days with insolation deficit (no direct sunlight). In Kraków, the period since 1901 has seen downward trends for the number of frosty days (t_m_a_x<0°C), days with rapid (day-to-day) temperature changes and days with a very high amplitude of average 24-hour temperature (Δt_ś_r>6°C). This implies reduced stimulation of the human immunological system. During the warm half of the year, there has been an increase in the frequency of occurrence of thermal conditions considered detrimental to human health, such as hot days (t_m_a_x>30°C) and hot nights (t_m_i_n\qeq20°C), both of which have also been occurring in the context of increasingly long unbroken sequences. The 110 year period also brought a decrease in the number of days in Kraków without direct sunlight, especially in spring and summer and in November. This can be thought to have had a positive effect on the health and wellbeing of the local population. On the one hand, therefore, the meteotropic situation in Kraków can be said to be improving, as temperatures in winter are milder than at the beginning of the 20th century, and there are fewer days with no direct sunlight. On the other hand, thanks to climate warming and a consequent increasing in the number of very hot days and hot nights in summer, as well as weaker thermal stimulation in winter, the meteotropic situation in Kraków can be described as “worsening”.