The aim of this chapter is to apply the knowledge about psychological mechanisms that influence terrorism fear to Polish society. First, we review data illustrating thelevel of terrorism fear in Polish society and compare it to data obtained in other countries. Then, we present research on the effects of the perception of terrorism, ideological factors, social trust and emotionality on the experience of fear and preferred courses of counterterrorism actions. We aim to demonstrate how those universal mechanisms translate into specific reactions present in Polish society. We also discuss the possible specificity of this context in comparison to other societies.