The article aims to explore the way the relationships between prudence and experience are described in select works of Polish Renaissance literature. The first part of the article briefly outlines the way the Aristotelian and Ciceronian remarks concerning practical judgment influenced the notion of prudentia as used by Early Modern humanists. The second part of the article comments on a few aspects of prudence as discussed in sixteenth century Polish literature: the recognition of the difference between prudence and theoretical wisdom and the way that the difference was described; the emphasis on practical, repetitive training in the remarks concerning prudence; the role of memory and literature in prudential training; and the role of past errors in prudential judgment.