An attempt to present a few ideas conditioning the thought of the early Christians; the ideas concerning primarily the ways of conceptualizing the Church as a universal community of the faithful. The author shows the perspectives of St. Peter, St. Paul and St. John; discusses the theories of Justinus, Ignatius Antiochenus, Irenaeus of Lyon, Cyprian, Clement of Alexandria, Eusebius of Caesarea, and Leon I the Great in order to expose the conditioning of birth in the first five centuries after Christ’s reflection on the foundation of unity in the community of the faithful in the East and the West (the picture of Church as the Body of Christ, including the tendencies characteristic of the so‐called Eastern Christian Hellenism); the position of Christ as its “head,” and bishops as “endowed with the Spirit,” in particular the bishop of Rome, and compared to the Apostles, who worked as a replacement of Christ.