The report presents the outcome of the Polish partof the WaVE project. The research, lasting from August 2006 to October 2007, was carried out in Przemyśl, located on the borderline with the Ukraine. Though presently the town is practically homogenous, with minorities reaching no more than 5% of the population, the memory of multiculturalism is still alive and somehow determines present relations between the Polish-Roman Catholic majority and - especially - the Ukrainian-Greek Catholic minority. Although the tensions between both groups rarely concern welfare provision, as the Ukrainian-Greek Catholic minority is well adjusted to Polish life-style, it is the relationship ‘overshadowing’ all other inter-group relations in Przemyśl, therefore is widely discussed in the report. Meanwhile, the other ethnic minority, the Roma, has adapted poorly to the social system, which results in the Roma’s complete dependence on social care, causing tensions with the majority society, which expects more self-reliance from them. The religious minorities, mainly of Protestant origin, try to mark their presence within local society, among others by active participation in welfare provision, also outside their own communities. Generally, the study illustrates that the issues of ‘belonging’, ‘ourness’, ‘us’ vs. ‘them’ are alive and significant, despite all the transformational changes.