This article focuses on the analysis of the paradox and difficulties of the reception of Mykola Khvylovy’s prose and pamphlets in Ukraine in the Soviet period and after 1991. The main aim of the present article is: a) to point out the reason for these difficulties, b) to reconstruct the historical and literary background of the reception of Khvylovy’s works, c) to study the dynamics and nature of the reception of Khvylovy’s writings among Ukrainian scholars and critics.