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Expert-annotated dataset to study cyberbullying in Polish language
cyberbullying
hate speech
abusive language
offensive language
toxic language
automatic cyberbullying detection
polish language
We introduce the first dataset of harmful and offensive language collected from the Polish Internet. This dataset was meticulously curated to facilitate the exploration of harmful online phenomena such as cyberbullying and hate speech, which have exhibited a significant surge both within the Polish Internet as well as globally. The dataset was systematically collected and then annotated using two approaches. First, it was annotated by two proficient layperson volunteers, operating under the guidance of a specialist in the language of cyberbullying and hate speech. To enhance the precision of the annotations, a secondary round of annotations was carried out by a team of adept annotators with specialized long-term expertise in cyberbullying and hate speech annotations. This second phase was further overseen by an experienced annotator, acting as a super-annotator. In its initial application, the dataset was leveraged for the categorization of cyberbullying instances in the Polish language. Specifically, the dataset serves as the foundation for two distinct tasks: (1) a binary classification that segregates harmful and non-harmful messages and (2) a multi-class classification that distinguishes between two variations of harmful content (cyberbullying and hate speech), as well as a non-harmful category. Alongside the dataset itself, we also provide the models that showed satisfying classification performance. These models are made accessible for third-party use in constructing cyberbullying prevention systems.
dc.abstract.en | We introduce the first dataset of harmful and offensive language collected from the Polish Internet. This dataset was meticulously curated to facilitate the exploration of harmful online phenomena such as cyberbullying and hate speech, which have exhibited a significant surge both within the Polish Internet as well as globally. The dataset was systematically collected and then annotated using two approaches. First, it was annotated by two proficient layperson volunteers, operating under the guidance of a specialist in the language of cyberbullying and hate speech. To enhance the precision of the annotations, a secondary round of annotations was carried out by a team of adept annotators with specialized long-term expertise in cyberbullying and hate speech annotations. This second phase was further overseen by an experienced annotator, acting as a super-annotator. In its initial application, the dataset was leveraged for the categorization of cyberbullying instances in the Polish language. Specifically, the dataset serves as the foundation for two distinct tasks: (1) a binary classification that segregates harmful and non-harmful messages and (2) a multi-class classification that distinguishes between two variations of harmful content (cyberbullying and hate speech), as well as a non-harmful category. Alongside the dataset itself, we also provide the models that showed satisfying classification performance. These models are made accessible for third-party use in constructing cyberbullying prevention systems. | |
dc.affiliation | Wydział Studiów Międzynarodowych i Politycznych : Instytut Bliskiego i Dalekiego Wschodu | |
dc.contributor.author | Ptaszynski, Michal | |
dc.contributor.author | Pieciukiewicz, Agata | |
dc.contributor.author | Dybała, Paweł - 242662 | |
dc.contributor.author | Skrzek, Pawel | |
dc.contributor.author | Soliwoda, Kamil | |
dc.contributor.author | Fortuna, Marcin | |
dc.contributor.author | Leliwa, Gniewosz | |
dc.contributor.author | Wroczynski, Michal | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2024-05-07T13:36:24Z | |
dc.date.available | 2024-05-07T13:36:24Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2024 | |
dc.date.openaccess | 0 | |
dc.description.accesstime | w momencie opublikowania | |
dc.description.additional | Na publikacji autor podpisany Pawel Dybala | |
dc.description.number | 1 | |
dc.description.physical | 1-26 | |
dc.description.version | ostateczna wersja wydawcy | |
dc.description.volume | 9 | |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.3390/data9010001 | |
dc.identifier.eissn | 2306-5729 | |
dc.identifier.issn | 2306-5729 | |
dc.identifier.uri | https://ruj.uj.edu.pl/handle/item/338630 | |
dc.language | eng | |
dc.language.container | eng | |
dc.rights | Udzielam licencji. Uznanie autorstwa 4.0 Międzynarodowa | |
dc.rights.licence | CC-BY | |
dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode.pl | |
dc.share.type | otwarte czasopismo | |
dc.subject.en | cyberbullying | |
dc.subject.en | hate speech | |
dc.subject.en | abusive language | |
dc.subject.en | offensive language | |
dc.subject.en | toxic language | |
dc.subject.en | automatic cyberbullying detection | |
dc.subject.en | polish language | |
dc.subtype | Article | |
dc.title | Expert-annotated dataset to study cyberbullying in Polish language | |
dc.title.journal | Data | |
dc.type | JournalArticle | |
dspace.entity.type | Publication | en |
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Except as otherwise noted, this item is licensed under the Attribution 4.0 International licence